Desai K, McManus JM, Sharifi N. Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer. Endocr Rev. 2021;42:354–73. https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnab002.
Mori K, Mostafaei H, Pradere B, Motlagh RS, Quhal F, Laukhtina E, et al. Apalutamide, enzalutamide, and darolutamide for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Clin Oncol. 2020;25:1892–900. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-020-01777-9.
Vaishampayan UN, Heilbrun LK, Monk P 3rd, Tejwani S, Sonpavde G, Hwang C, et al. Clinical efficacy of enzalutamide vs bicalutamide combined with androgen deprivation therapy in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2034633. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34633.
Koukourakis MI, Kakouratos C, Kalamida D, Mitrakas A, Pouliliou S, Xanthopoulou E, et al. Comparison of the effect of the antiandrogen apalutamide (ARN-509) versus bicalutamide on the androgen receptor pathway in prostate cancer cell lines. Anticancer Drugs. 2018;29:323–33. https://doi.org/10.1097/cad.0000000000000592.
Ueda T, Shiraishi T, Ito S, Ohashi M, Matsugasumi T, Yamada Y, et al. Abiraterone acetate versus bicalutamide in combination with gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist therapy for high risk metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. Sci Rep. 2021;11:10094. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89609-2.
Siemens DR, Klotz L, Heidenreich A, Chowdhury S, Villers A, Baron B, et al. Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide vs bicalutamide in younger and older patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer in the TERRAIN trial. J Urol. 2018;199:147–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.08.080.
Lowrance WT, Breau RH, Chou R, Chapin BF, Crispino T, Dreicer R, et al. Advanced prostate cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO guideline PART I. J Urol. 2021;205:14–21. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000001375.
Lowrance WT, Breau RH, Chou R, Chapin BF, Crispino T, Dreicer R, et al. Advanced prostate cancer: AUA/ASTRO/SUO guideline PART II. J Urol. 2021;205:22–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000001376.
Basch E, Loblaw DA, Oliver TK, Carducci M, Chen RC, Frame JN, et al. Systemic therapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer:American Society of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Care Ontario clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32:3436–48. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.54.8404.
KFF. 2022/04/21/T16:15:42+00:00. 2022. https://www.kff.org/statedata/.
Danila DC, Rathkopf DE, Morris MJ, Slovin SF, Schwartz LH, Farmer K, et al. Abiraterone acetate and prednisone in patients (Pts) with progressive metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) after failure of docetaxel-based chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:5019. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.5019.
FDA approves abiraterone acetate in combination with prednisone for high-risk metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer. FDA. 2019. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-abiraterone-acetate-combination-prednisone-high-risk-metastatic-castration-sensitive.
Drug Approval Package: Xtandi (enzalutamide) NDA # 203415. 2012. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/203415Orig1s000Approv.pdf.
FDA approves apalutamide for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. FDA. 2019. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-approves-apalutamide-non-metastatic-castration-resistant-prostate-cancer.
United States – COVID-19 Overview – Johns Hopkins. Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. 2022. https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html.
KFF. 2022/11/09/T14:44:01+00:00. 2022. https://www.kff.org/medicaid/issue-brief/status-of-state-medicaid-expansion-decisions-interactive-map/.
Chopra A, Georgieva M, Lopes G, Yeo CM, Haaland B. Abiraterone or enzalutamide in advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer: an indirect comparison. Prostate. 2017;77:639–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.23309.
Kang M, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Ku JH, Kim HH. Comparing the clinical efficacy of abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and orteronel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by performing a network meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials. Oncotarget. 2017;8:59690–7. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.17741.
Carvalho RM, Santos LDN, Ramos PM, Machado CJ, Acioly P, Frattini SC, et al. Bicalutamide and the new perspectives for female pattern hair loss treatment: what dermatologists should know. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21:4171–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.14773.
Data.Medicaid.gov. State Drug Utilization Data 2021. Accessed August 21, 2023. https://data.medicaid.gov/dataset/eec7fbe6-c4c4-5915-b3d0-be5828ef4e9d.
Ali AM, Cobran EK, Young HN. Barriers associated with access to prescription medications in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at federally qualified health centers. Pharmacy. 2022;10. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy10040079.
West JC, Wilk JE, Rae DS, Muszynski IS, Stipec MR, Alter CL, et al. Medicaid prescription drug policies and medication access and continuity: findings from ten states. Psychiatr Serv. 2009;60:601–10. https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2009.60.5.601.
Anawalt BD. Chapter 140 – Gynecomastia. In: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, Giudice LC, Grossman AB, Melmed S, et al., editors. Endocrinology: adult and pediatric, 7th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2016. p. 2421–30.e5.
Randolph JF Jr. Gender-affirming hormone therapy for transgender females. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2018;61:705–21. https://doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000396.